Walipini: A Sustainable Underground Greenhouse

This image illustrates a walipini, an underground greenhouse designed to grow food year-round using the natural insulating properties of the earth. The term “walipini” comes from an indigenous Andean concept meaning “place of warmth.”

By building below ground level, this greenhouse maintains more stable temperatures, protects plants from harsh weather, and reduces energy needs.

How a Walipini Works

Underground Structure

The greenhouse is dug into the ground, typically 6 to 10 feet deep. The surrounding earth acts as natural insulation, keeping the interior warmer in winter and cooler in summer.

Earth Walls

Thick soil walls store heat during the day and slowly release it at night. This thermal mass helps maintain consistent growing temperatures.

Drainage Layer

A gravel layer beneath the soil allows excess water to drain away, preventing root rot and moisture buildup.

Topsoil Layer

Nutrient-rich topsoil supports healthy plant growth and can be amended with compost for improved fertility.

Transparent Sloped Roof

The roof is angled toward the sun to maximize solar gain. Clear plastic or polycarbonate panels allow sunlight in while protecting plants from wind, frost, and heavy rain.

Wooden Rafters and Anchoring Stakes

Sturdy wooden beams support the roof, while anchoring stakes keep the structure stable during storms and strong winds.

Interior Growing Space

The interior illustration shows raised beds arranged for efficient use of space. Shelving along the walls allows for additional planting and seedling trays. The design encourages airflow, easy access, and high productivity.

Benefits of a Walipini Greenhouse

• Extends the growing season year-round
• Reduces heating and energy costs
• Protects crops from extreme weather
• Conserves water through reduced evaporation
• Ideal for cold or variable climates

Key Takeaway

A walipini greenhouse uses smart design and natural materials to create a warm, productive growing environment with minimal energy input. It is an effective solution for sustainable food production and self-sufficient gardening.